Turkic etymology : Query result

Proto-Turkic: *jügür-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 millet 2 sorgho 3 corn, maize

Russian meaning: 1 просо 2 сорго 3 кукуруза

Old Turkic: üjür (OUygh.) 1

Karakhanid: jügür, ügür (MK), jür (KB) 1

Tatar: ǯögärä 2

Chuvash: vir 1

Yakut: üöre 1

Tuva: ǖrgene 'a k. of buckwheat'

Kirghiz: ǯügörü 2, 3

Kazakh: žügeri 3

Balkar: ǯügeri 3

Karakalpak: žüweri 2, 3

Comments: EDT 275, Лексика 458. Turk. > Mong. ǯügür, Pers. ǯuvārī.

Proto-Turkic: *jükün-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to bow

Russian meaning: кланяться, склоняться

Old Turkic: jükün- (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jükün- (MK)

Turkish: jüken-, jügün- (dial.)

Tatar: jögen-, jegen- (dial.)

Middle Turkic: jükün- (AH, Ettuhf.)

Uzbek: jukun-

Uighur: jükün-

Yakut: sügün- 'to go to the bridegroom's home'

Kirghiz: ǯügün-

Kazakh: žügin-

Bashkir: jögön-

Karaim: jügün-, jugun-

Karakalpak: žügin-

Kumyk: jügün-

Comments: EDT 913, ЭСТЯ 4, 264.

Proto-Turkic: *jül-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to shave 2 to tear off, scrape off

Russian meaning: 1 брить 2 срывать, соскребать

Karakhanid: jüli- 1 (MK)

Turkish: jülü- 1, 2

Tatar: jöle- (dial.) 2

Middle Turkic: jülü- 1 (Ettuhf.)

Turkmen: jül-me- 1

Yakut: sül- 2

Dolgan: hül- 2

Tuva: čülü- 1

Balkar: žülü- 1

Karaim: ül-, ülü-, ili- 1

Kumyk: jülü- 1

Comments: EDT 919, VEWT 213, ЭСТЯ 4, 216 (confused with *jol- q. v. sub *ńŏ̀lo), Stachowski 115.

Proto-Turkic: *jülük / *juluk

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: juice

Russian meaning: сок

Oyrat: juluq, d́uluq, jülük

Tuva: čuluq

Comments: VEWT 212, EDT 927-928, ЭСТЯ 4, 266, Лексика 263-264. The root should be distinguished both from *jilik and from *julɨŋ (v. sub *làlè, *dilu), although all three tend to contaminate.

Proto-Turkic: *jüm-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: bow, arrow

Russian meaning: лук, стрела

Chuvash: śǝʷmren, śǝʷmǝʷrlen

Comments: Федотов 2, 108-109.

Proto-Turkic: *jüm- / *jum-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to close (eyes, mouth)

Russian meaning: закрывать (глаза, рот)

Karakhanid: jüm- (MK)

Turkish: jum-

Tatar: jom-

Middle Turkic: jum- (Pav. C., MA, AH)

Uzbek: jum-

Uighur: jum-, žum-

Sary-Yughur: jum-

Azerbaidzhan: jum-

Turkmen: jum-

Oyrat: d́um-

Halaj: jim-

Yakut: sim-

Kirghiz: ǯum-

Kazakh: žum-

Noghai: jum-

Bashkir: jom-

Balkar: ǯum-, žum-

Gagauz: jum-

Karaim: jum-

Karakalpak: žum-

Salar: jum-

Kumyk: jum-

Comments: EDT 934, VEWT 210, ЭСТЯ 4, 245-246.

Proto-Turkic: *jüŕ-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to swim, float

Russian meaning: плавать

Old Turkic: jüz- (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jüz- (MK)

Turkish: jüz-

Tatar: jöz-

Middle Turkic: jüz- (AH, Ettuhf.), üz- (Бор. Бад., Abush., Pav. C.)

Uzbek: juz-

Uighur: üz-

Azerbaidzhan: üz-

Turkmen: jüz-

Khakassian: čüs-

Shor: čüs-

Oyrat: jüs-, d́üs-

Yakut: sötüö 'bathing', sötüölē- 'to bathe'

Dolgan: hötüölē-, hütöl- 'to bathe'

Kirghiz: ǯüz-

Kazakh: žuz-

Noghai: jüz-

Bashkir: jöδ-

Balkar: ǯüz-, žüz-

Gagauz: jüz-

Karaim: jüz-, üz-

Karakalpak: žüz-

Kumyk: juz-

Comments: VEWT 214, EDT 984, ЭСТЯ 4, 261.

Proto-Turkic: *jüŕ-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 finger ring 2 joint 3 stirrup (*üŕeŋgü < *jüŕeŋgü)

Russian meaning: 1 кольцо (на палец) 2 сустав (пальцевый) 3 стремя

Karakhanid: jüzük 1 (MK), üzeŋü 3 (KB)

Turkish: jüzük 1, üzengi 3

Tatar: jözek 1

Middle Turkic: jüzük 1 (AH, Ettuhf.), üzük 1 (Pav. C., Abush.)

Uzbek: uzuk 1

Uighur: üzük 1

Azerbaidzhan: üzük 1

Turkmen: jüzük 1, üzeŋŋi 3

Khakassian: čüstük 1

Shor: čüstük 1

Oyrat: jüstük, d́üstük 1

Chuvash: śǝʷrǝʷ 1, jъrana 3

Yakut: sühüöx 2, iheŋe 3

Dolgan: hühüök 2

Tuva: čü'stük 1, čüs 2

Kirghiz: ǯüzük 1

Kazakh: žüzik 1

Noghai: jüzik 1

Bashkir: jöδök 1

Balkar: ǯüzük, züzük 1

Gagauz: jüzük, üzük 1

Karaim: jüzük, üzük, ezik, izik 1

Karakalpak: žüzik 1

Kumyk: jüzük 1

Comments: EDT 986, VEWT 214, TMN 2, 146,147-148, ЭСТЯ 1, 623-625, 4, 260, 261-262, Егоров 212, Лексика 548-549, Stachowski 115. Turk. > Hung. gyú ́rű (see Lig. MNyTK 77-79). The reason of *j- > 0- in the PT name of "stirrup" ( < *"ring-formed") is unclear (irregular change in a long form?).

Proto-Turkic: *jüŕ-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to peel off (skin), to skin

Russian meaning: сдирать (шкуру)

Karakhanid: jüz- (MK)

Turkish: jüz-

Turkmen: jüz-

Gagauz: jüz-

Comments: EDT 984, ЭСТЯ 4, 261.

Proto-Turkic: *jürek

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: heart; courage

Russian meaning: сердце

Old Turkic: jürek (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jürek (MK, KB)

Turkish: jürek

Tatar: jörɛk

Middle Turkic: jürek (MA)

Uzbek: jurak

Uighur: jüräk

Sary-Yughur: jörek

Azerbaidzhan: ürek

Turkmen: jürek

Khakassian: čürek

Shor: čürek (R., Верб.)

Oyrat: d́ürek

Halaj: jirek

Chuvash: čǝre

Yakut: sürex

Dolgan: hürek

Tuva: čürek

Tofalar: čürek

Kirghiz: ǯürök

Kazakh: žürek

Noghai: jürek

Bashkir: jörek

Balkar: žürek

Gagauz: jüreḱ

Karaim: jürek

Karakalpak: žürek

Salar: jyrüx

Kumyk: jürek

Comments: VEWT 213, EDT 965, ЭСТЯ 4, 270-271, Егоров 324, Лексика 276, Stachowski 116. Chuv. č- is irregular: a contamination with čǝrǝ 'alive'.

Proto-Turkic: *jüŕüm

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: grape

Russian meaning: виноград

Old Turkic: üzüm (OUygh. - med.)

Karakhanid: üzüm (MK), jüzüm (IM)

Turkish: üzüm

Tatar: jözem

Middle Turkic: üzüm (Pav. C.), jüzüm (Houts.)

Uzbek: uzum

Uighur: üzüm

Sary-Yughur: üčüm (< Mong.?)

Azerbaidzhan: üzüm

Turkmen: üzüm

Chuvash: iźǝm

Kirghiz: ǯüzim

Kazakh: žüzüm

Noghai: jüzim

Bashkir: jöδöm

Balkar: ǯüzüm

Gagauz: jüzüm

Karaim: izim, jüzüm

Karakalpak: žüzim

Kumyk: jüzüm

Comments: EDT 288, VEWT 214, ЭСТЯ 1, 625, Федотов 1, 173. Turk. > Mong. üǯüm 'grapes', see TMN 2, 54, Clark 1980, 40.

Proto-Turkic: *jǖl-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to be mad, crazy 2 anger 3 to be sexually excited

Russian meaning: 1 сходить с ума 2 гнев 3 быть в состоянии полового возбуждения

Oyrat: d́ül- 1

Chuvash: śilǝ 2

Yakut: sǖl- 3

Comments: VEWT 213, ЭСТЯ 4, 33. Chuv. > Hung. gyűlöl 'be angry'. Forms like Kirgh. ǯȫlü-, Uygh. ǯölü- 'to go mad, speak in one's sleep' are obviously < Mong. ǯeɣüle-, but the Chuv. and Yak. forms, as well as the Oyr. form d́ül- seem to be archaic.

Proto-Turkic: *jǖŕ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: face

Russian meaning: лицо

Old Turkic: jüz (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jüz (MK)

Turkish: jüz

Tatar: jöz

Middle Turkic: jüz (MA, AH, Ettuhf.)

Uighur: jüz

Sary-Yughur: jüz

Azerbaidzhan: üz

Turkmen: jüz

Khakassian: čüs

Oyrat: jüs, d́üs

Halaj: jīz

Chuvash: śъʷvar 'mouth'

Yakut: sǖs 'forehead'

Dolgan: hǖs 'forehead'

Kirghiz: ǯüz

Kazakh: žüz

Noghai: jüz

Bashkir: jöδ

Gagauz: jüz, üz

Karaim: jüz, juź, jiz, iz

Karakalpak: žüz

Salar: jüz, jiz

Kumyk: jüz

Comments: VEWT 213-4, ЭСТЯ 4, 259-260, Лексика 206, Мудрак Дисс. 154, Stachowski 117. Khalaj jīz = Yak. sǖs prove that Turkm. jüz is secondary. Turk. > MMong. (MA) jüz 'surface' (Щербак 1997, 196).

Proto-Turkic: *jǖŕ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: hundred

Russian meaning: сто

Old Turkic: jüz (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jüz (MK)

Turkish: jüz

Tatar: jöz

Middle Turkic: jüz (MA, AH)

Uzbek: juz

Uighur: juz

Sary-Yughur: juz, jöz

Azerbaidzhan: jüz

Turkmen: jǖz

Khakassian: čüs

Shor: čüs

Oyrat: jüs, d́üs

Halaj: jǖz

Chuvash: śǝʷr

Yakut: sǖs

Dolgan: hǖs

Tuva: čüs

Tofalar: čüs

Kirghiz: ǯüz

Kazakh: žüz

Noghai: jüz

Bashkir: jöδ

Balkar: ǯüz, züz

Gagauz: üz

Karaim: jüz, juź, jiz, iz

Karakalpak: žüz

Salar: jüz

Kumyk: jüz, juz

Comments: EDT 983, VEWT 213, ЭСТЯ 4, 260 (Turkm. jüz), Лексика 574, Stachowski 117.

Proto-Turkic: *Kạb-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 bark 2 shell 3 husk 4 bran

Russian meaning: 1 кора 2 скорлупа 3 шелуха 4 отруби, мякина

Old Turkic: qavɨq 4 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: qavɨq, qavuq (MK, KB) 4

Turkish: kavuz 3, kavza 2

Uzbek: qɔvuz 3

Uighur: qovzaq 1

Azerbaidzhan: Gavɨz (dial.) 3

Khakassian: xōx 4

Shor: qōq 3, 4

Chuvash: xɨvъx 4

Tuva: xō-tarā 'a k. of millet with sagging panicles'

Kazakh: qavɨz 4

Noghai: qavɨz 4

Karakalpak: qavɨz 4

Kumyk: quvɨq 3

Comments: VEWT 217, EDT 583, ЭСТЯ 5, 173-174, 178-179, Мудрак Дисс. 62. The root should be distinguished from *K(i)ab- 'peeled skin, peel' (v. sub *k`i̯ā̀bu).

Proto-Turkic: *Kab-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to unite, bring together 2 be brought together

Russian meaning: 1 объединять, собирать 2 собираться

Old Turkic: qavɨr- 1 (OUygh.), qavɨš- 2 (Yen., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: qavur- 1 (MK, KB), qavɨš- 2 (MK)

Turkish: kavuš- 2

Tatar: qawɨš- 2

Middle Turkic: qavuš- 2 (Qutb, Бор. Бад.)

Uzbek: qɔwuš- 2

Uighur: dial. qavuš- 2

Sary-Yughur: qawɨs- 2

Azerbaidzhan: Govuš- 2

Turkmen: Govur- 1, Govuš- 2

Oyrat: qabɨr- 1

Chuvash: > Danube Bulg. koubraton 'collector, unifier (of lands)'

Tuva: xavɨr- 1

Tofalar: xabɨr- 1

Kirghiz: qōš- 2

Kazakh: qawɨs- 2

Noghai: qawɨš- 2

Bashkir: qawɨš- 2

Gagauz: qauš- 2

Karaim: qavuš- 2

Karakalpak: qawɨs- 2

Comments: VEWT 216, EDT 585, 588, ЭСТЯ 6, 14-16. OT also has quvra- 'come together, assemble', with a rather strange vocalism (see EDT 586 - but modern forms like qura- are not related, being borrowed from Mong. qura-, qurija-).

Proto-Turkic: *KAbuk

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: bladder

Russian meaning: мочевой пузырь

Old Turkic: qavuq (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: qavuq (MK)

Turkish: kavuk

Tatar: quwɨq

Middle Turkic: qavuq (AH, MA)

Azerbaidzhan: GovuG

Turkmen: Govuq

Khakassian: xōx

Shor: qōq

Oyrat: kūk

Yakut: xabax

Kazakh: quwɨq

Noghai: quwɨq

Bashkir: qɨwɨq

Balkar: quwuq

Gagauz: qawuq

Comments: ЭСТЯ 5, 174, EDT 583.

Proto-Turkic: *KAč-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 panic and disorder 2 crazy 3 (to act) inimically, cattily 4 annoyance 5 joke 6 to mock

Russian meaning: 1 паника и беспорядок 2 безумный 3 (поступать) назло, злобствовать 4 досада 5 шутка 6 насмехаться

Karakhanid: qačɨš 1 (MK)

Turkish: kačɨk 2

Khakassian: xača- 3, xačaɣ 4

Shor: qaǯaŋ 5

Oyrat: qačaš 3 (adj.)

Tuva: qɨžɨrt- 6

Comments: VEWT 217, EDT 593. MK's gloss is analysed as a reciprocal derivative < *Kač- 'to flee', but this is obviously a folk etymology.

Proto-Turkic: *KAč-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to run away, flee

Russian meaning: убегать

Old Turkic: qač- (Orkh., Yen.)

Karakhanid: qač- (MK, KB)

Turkish: kač-

Tatar: qač-

Middle Turkic: qač- (Houts., AH, IM, MA)

Uzbek: qɔč-

Uighur: qač-

Azerbaidzhan: Gač-

Turkmen: Gač-

Khakassian: xas-

Shor: qaš-

Oyrat: qač-

Tuva: qaš-

Kirghiz: qač-

Kazakh: qaš-

Noghai: qaš-

Bashkir: qas-

Balkar: qač-

Gagauz: qač-

Karaim: qač-

Karakalpak: qaš-

Kumyk: qač-

Comments: VEWT 217, ЭСТЯ 5, 340-342.

Proto-Turkic: *Kač-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: slanting

Russian meaning: косой

Turkish: kačɨk

Tatar: qaʒaj- (Sib.)

Khakassian: xaǯɨ-, xasxax 'bent backward'

Shor: qazɨr- 'to bend'

Chuvash: xoś- 'to bend'

Tuva: xažɨj-tɨr

Comments: VEWT 217, Ашм. XVI, 242-246.